I recently read Julian Barnes’ novel England, England in which a wealthy businessman recreates, or as one might put it, distils the essence of, England, on the Isle of Wight. All of the major tourist destinations and significant moments in English history are represented. Tourists begin to make a conscious choice between the real England and the Island, which is “cleaner, friendlier and more efficient” [1]. People make the choice between authenticity, which can be disappointing and far from clear cut, and a representation of England that was selected from stereotype and myth, from Robin Hood to double-decker buses, that is simple, uncomplicated, and exactly what they expected.
“Once there was only the world, directly lived. Now there is representation – let me fracture that word, re-presentation – of the world. It is not a substitute for that plain and primitive world, but an enhancement and enrichment, an ironisation and summation of that world. This is where we live today. A monochrome world has become Technicolor, a single croaking speaker has become wraparound sound. Is this our loss? No, it is our conquest, our victory.” [2]
In the end, the Old England falls into economic disaster and reverts into a semi-primitive state. The allure of the Technicolor world of England, England, where you can shop at Harrod’s in the Tower of London and have Yorkshire pudding with Dr. Johnson, is too great. England, England is exactly what it is expected to be, which is easy, instead of what it really is, which is much harder.
No-one has done something in quite the same scale as Barnes imagines, but recreations of history are everywhere, from re-enactments of Civil War battles, to video games, and multimedia exhibits in museums recreating experiences like First World War trenches. Perhaps there is a certain correlation between these kinds of carefully designed experiences and Barnes’ fantasy world. In our digital history class, we have been imagining all kinds of historic appliances that can put us in touch with the past. Representations of history, whether digital or not, are all created with a specific agenda in mind, and are designed to deliver certain messages and invoke certain reactions. In the case of England, England, the “England experience” is designed to fit the visitor’s expectations. In a sense, it doesn’t seem that great of a leap from England, England as a physical space to England, England as a virtual reality experience in which the physical recreations are replaced by digital ones. And, really, what’s the difference?
It seems to me that there can be an almost religious quality to the experience of visiting an ancient historic site or seeing an artifact with your own eyes. But perhaps it makes no difference whether you are looking at the real thing or merely a replica of it, and maybe a historical agenda will be pushed on you either way. Maybe, in the end, Julian Barnes was on to something. In a sense this is exactly what museums are doing anyway. Maybe we should just throw up our hands and make everything into a sexy, multimedia experience and forget about authenticity altogether, whatever that means.
Maybe. But maybe not.
1. Julian Barnes, England, England (Toronto: Vintage Canada, 1998), p.184
2. Barnes, 55
2 comments:
regarding the issue of authenticity..the reference pages of your quotations are wrong..talking about authenticity..
I appreciate your comment, but the pages are definitely right for my copy of the book. In fact, the image of the book I included in this blog post was not the same copy that I read, although the publication information is accurate. Thanks for noticing though.
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